1. Ukutholakala nokusabalala kwezinhlobo eziguquguqukayo ze-Omi Keron NgoNovemba 9, 2021, iNingizimu Afrika ithole okuhlukile okungu-B.1.1.529 kwe-coronavirus entsha kusampula yecala okokuqala ngqa. Emasontweni ama-2 nje kuphela, uhlobo oluguquguqukayo lwaba uhlobo oluguquguqukayo oluphelele lwezigameko ezintsha zokutheleleka komqhele esifundazweni saseGauteng, eNingizimu Afrika, futhi ukukhula kwalo kwakushesha. Ngomhla zingama-26 kuLwezi, i-WHO yawuchaza ngokuthi “okwesihlanu okuhlukile kokukhathazeka” (VOC), okuqanjwe igama lesiGreki elithi Omicron (Omicron) okuhlukile. Kusukela ngo-November 28, iNingizimu Afrika, i-Israel, iBelgium, i-Italy, i-United Kingdom, i-Austria, ne-Hong Kong, e-China, aqaphe ukufakwa kohlobo lwe-mutant. Okufakwayo kwalolu hlobo lwe-mutant akukatholakali kwezinye izifundazwe namadolobha asezweni lami. I-Omi Keron mutant yatholwa okokuqala futhi yabikwa eNingizimu Afrika, kodwa akusho ukuthi igciwane lavela eNingizimu Afrika. Indawo lapho i-mutant yatholwa khona akuyona ngempela indawo yemvelaphi.
2. Izizathu ezingenzeka zokuvela kwezinguquko eziguquguqukayo ze-Omi Keron Ngokolwazi okwamanje olwabiwe yisizindalwazi esisha se-crown virus i-GISAID, inani lezindawo eziguqukayo zegciwane elisha lomqhele i-Omi Keron mutant strain lingaphezulu kakhulu kunalo lonke igciwane elisha lomqhele. izinhlobo eziguquguqukayo ebezilokhu zijikeleza eminyakeni emibili edlule, ikakhulukazi ekuguqulweni kwamaprotheni e-virus spike (Spike). . Kucatshangwa ukuthi izizathu zokuvela kwayo kungaba yizimo ezintathu ezilandelayo: (1) Ngemva kokuba isiguli sokuzivikela komzimba singenwe yi-coronavirus entsha, siye sabhekana nesikhathi eside sokuziphendukela kwemvelo emzimbeni ukuze kuqoqwe inani elikhulu lokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo, okuyinto zidluliselwa ngenhlanhla; (2) ukutheleleka kweqembu elithile lezilwane I-coronavirus entsha, leli gciwane libhekana nokuguquguquka okuguquguqukayo phakathi nokusabalala kwenani lezilwane, futhi izinga lokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo liphakeme kunelo labantu, bese lichithekela kubantu; (3) Lolu hlobo oluguquguqukayo luqhubekile nokujikeleza isikhathi eside emazweni noma ezifundeni lapho ukugadwa kokuguqulwa kofuzo lwe-coronavirus entsha kuncipha khona. , Ngenxa yamakhono okuqapha anganele, amagciwane esizukulwane esimaphakathi sokuvela kwawo awakwazanga ukutholwa ngesikhathi.
3. Amandla okudlulisela e-Omi Keron mutant strain Okwamanje, ayikho idatha yocwaningo ehlelekile mayelana nokudluliswa, i-pathogenicity, nekhono lokuphunyuka lokuzivikela komzimba we-Omi Keron eziguquguqukayo emhlabeni. Nokho, okuhlukile kwe-Omi Keron nakho kunezindawo ezibalulekile zokuguqula i-amino acid ezinhlobonhlobo ezine zokuqala ze-VOC i-Alpha, i-Beta, i-Gamma ne-Delta spike proteins, okuhlanganisa ama-cell receptors athuthukisiwe. Izingosi zokuguqula i-somatic affinity kanye nekhono lokuphindaphinda igciwane. Idatha yokuqapha ye-Epidemiological kanye nelabhorethri ibonisa ukuthi isibalo sezigameko ze-Omi Keron ehlukile eNingizimu Afrika senyuke kakhulu, futhi sesithathe indawo ye-Delta (Delta) kancane. Umthamo wokudlulisela kumele uqhutshekwe uqashelwe futhi ufundwe.
4. Umthelela wohlobo oluhlukile lwe-Omi Keron emithini yokugoma kanye nemithi elwa namasosha omzimba Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi ukuba khona kwezinguquko ze-K417N, E484A, noma i-N501Y kuphrotheni engu-S ye-coronavirus entsha kubonisa ikhono elithuthukisiwe lokubalekela amasosha omzimba; kuyilapho i-Omi Keron mutant futhi inokuguqulwa okuphindwe kathathu kwe-"K417N+E484A+N501Y"; ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Omi Keron mutant futhi Kukhona ezinye izinguquko eziningi ezingase zinciphise umsebenzi wokuqeda amandla kwamanye amasosha omzimba we-monoclonal. Ukuma okuphezulu kokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kungase kunciphise ukusebenza kahle kokuvikela kweminye imishanguzo yamasosha omzimba ngokumelene nezinguquko ze-Omi Keron, kanye nekhono lemithi yokugoma ekhona ukubalekela ukungatheleleki kudinga ukuqashelwa okwengeziwe nocwaningo.
5. Ingabe okuhlukile kwe-Omi Keron kunomthelela ekutholweni kwe-nucleic acid esetshenziswa njengamanje ezweni lami? Ukuhlaziywa kofuzo kohlobo lwe-Omi Keron mutant strain kubonise ukuthi indawo yayo yokuguqula ayithinti ukuzwela nokucaciswa kwezinto ezisebenza ngokujwayelekile zokutholwa kwe-nucleic acid ezweni lami. Izindawo eziguqukayo ze-Omi Keron mutant strain zigxile kakhulu endaweni eguquguqukayo kakhulu yofuzo lwe-S protein, futhi azikho ezindaweni zokuthola kabusha i-nucleic acid kanye nezifunda eziqondiwe ezishicilelwe kuhlelo lwesishiyagalombili lwezwe lami elithi “New Coronavirus Pneumonia. Uhlelo Lokuvimbela Nokulawula” (e-China I-ORF1ab gene kanye ne-N gene ekhishwe yiCenters for Disease Control and Prevention to the world). Kodwa-ke, idatha evela kumalabhorethri amaningi eNingizimu Afrika iphakamisa ukuthi ama-reagents okuthola i-nucleic acid athola isakhi sofuzo sika-S angase angakwazi ukuthola ngempumelelo isakhi sofuzo sika-S sohlobo lwe-Omi Keron.
6. Izinyathelo ezithathwe amazwe nezifunda ezifanele Ngokubuka ukuthambekela okusheshayo kobhubhane lwezinguquko ze-Omi Keron eNingizimu Afrika, amazwe amaningi nezifunda, okuhlanganisa i-United States, i-United Kingdom, i-European Union, i-Russia, i-Israel, i-Taiwan yezwe lami kanye IHong Kong, ibeke imingcele ekungeneni kwabahambi abavela e-Afrika eseningizimu.
7. Izimpendulo zezwe lami zilinganisa Isu lezwe lethu lokuvimbela nokulawula “lokuvikela kwangaphandle, ukuzivikela kwangaphakathi ekubhekaneni ne-rebound” lisasebenza ngokumelene ne-Omi Keron mutant. I-Institute of Viral Diseases of the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention isungule indlela ethile yokuthola i-nucleic acid yohlobo oluguquguqukayo lwe-Omi Keron, futhi iyaqhubeka nokwenza ukuqapha kofuzo lwegciwane kumacala okungenzeka angeniswa kwamanye amazwe. Izinyathelo ezishiwo ngenhla zizosiza ukutholwa ngesikhathi kwezinguquko ze-Omi Keron ezingase zingeniswe ezweni lami.
8. Izincomo ze-WHO zokubhekana nezinhlobo eziguqukayo ze-Omi Keron I-WHO incoma ukuthi amazwe aqinise ukubhekwa, ukubika kanye nokucwaninga nge-coronavirus entsha, futhi athathe izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zezempilo zomphakathi ukumisa ukusabalala kwaleli gciwane; Izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokuvimbela ukutheleleka ezinconyelwe abantu ngabanye zihlanganisa ukugcina ibanga okungenani eliyimitha elilodwa ezindaweni zomphakathi, ukugqoka izifihla-buso, ukuvula amafasitela ukuze kungene umoya, nokugcina Hlanza izandla zakho, ukhwehlele noma uthimule endololwaneni noma esicutshini, gonywe, njll., kanye gwema ukuya ezindaweni ezingenawo umoya omuhle noma eziminyene. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo ze-VOC, akukaqinisekwa ukuthi ukwahluka kwe-Omi Keron kunokudluliswa okunamandla, i-pathogenicity kanye nekhono lokuphunyuka lokuzivikela komzimba. Ucwaningo olufanele luzothola imiphumela yokuqala emasontweni ambalwa ezayo. Kepha okwaziwayo njengamanje ukuthi zonke izinhlobo ze-mutant zingadala ukugula okukhulu noma ukufa, ngakho-ke ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwegciwane kuhlala kuwukhiye, futhi umuthi wokugomela umqhele omusha usasebenza ekwehliseni ukugula nokufa okunzima.
9. Uma ubhekene nokwehluka okusanda kuvela kwe-coronavirus entsha u-Omi Keron, yini umphakathi okufanele uyinake emsebenzini wabo wansuku zonke nasemsebenzini? (1) Ukugqoka imaski kuseyindlela ephumelelayo yokuvimbela ukusabalala kwegciwane, futhi kuyasebenza nasezinhlotsheni eziguquguqukayo ze-Omi Keron. Noma ngabe yonke inkambo yokugoma nokugoma i-booster isiqediwe, kuyadingeka futhi ukugqoka imaskhi ezindaweni zomphakathi zasendlini, izinto zokuhamba zomphakathi nezinye izindawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, geza izandla zakho njalo futhi ukhiphe umoya ekamelweni. (2) Yenza umsebenzi omuhle wokuqapha impilo yomuntu siqu. Uma kunezimpawu zokusolwa kwenyumoniya entsha ye-coronary, njengomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, ukuphelelwa umoya nezinye izimpawu, qaphela ngokushesha izinga lokushisa lomzimba futhi uthathe isinyathelo sokuya kudokotela. (3) Yehlisa ukungena nokuphuma okungadingekile. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje, amazwe amaningi nezifunda ziye zabika ngokulandelana ukungeniswa kwezinhlobo eziguquguqukayo ze-Omi Keron. I-China nayo ibhekene nengozi yokungenisa lolu hlobo lwe-mutant, futhi ulwazi lwamanje lomhlaba jikelele lwalolu hlobo lwe-mutant lusalinganiselwe. Ngakho-ke, ukuya ezindaweni ezinobungozi obukhulu kufanele kuncishiswe, futhi ukuvikelwa komuntu siqu phakathi nohambo kufanele kuqiniswe ukuze kuncishiswe ithuba lokutheleleka ngezinhlobo eziguquguqukayo ze-Omi Keron.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-17-2021